Annex 5: Activity Standards for Local Gravel Road Maintenance 551 ACTIVITY NO. 133: MACHINE GRADING OF UNPAVED SHOULDERS I. Description of Activity Use this activity for correcting high or low shoulders, minor erosions, scars, ruts, corrugations, depressions, potholes, etc., and restoring surface cross slopes, by using a road grader. Re-shaping of ditches, if needed, and reclaiming shoulder surface materials are included. However, the addition of new materials and/or widening of shoulder are not included. II. Purpose To provide smooth, well-drained surfaces. Reclaiming surface materials and ditching are secondary purposes. III. Schedule of Application Schedule when shoulder drop-offs are greater than 5 cm, when shoulders hold water on pavement, when defects prevent the use of the shoulder as a safety lane or when defects threaten the structure of the pavement and/or shoulder (Schedule Act. 131 as a substitute at locations where grader manoeuvrability is impaired.) Schedule a roller only when there is sufficient natural moisture for compaction. Defects that cannot be removed by scarifying such as sub- grade failures (soft spots) should be corrected first prior to this activity. IV. Construction Method 1. Place safety devices. 2. Scarify or cut surface to remove potholes, corrugations, erosion scars, high areas, etc. Cut toward pavement. 3. Clean and re-cut ditches and outlets/turnouts. Remove spoil materials from culvert inlets and outlets. 4. Reclaim suitable material. Waste or stockpile unsuitable material. 5. Remove oversize or unsuitable material. 6. Blend reclaimed materials with existing scarified materials. 7. Spread (away from pavement), reshape and compact. 8. Check cross-section, profile and drainage. Rework if needed. 9. Remove safety devices.