Local Road Management Manual 76 asphalt-concrete pavement (ACP). The mere presence of paved local roads necessitates the adoption of appropriate paved maintenance measures. This can only be fully ascertained once the local engineering offices are able to identify correctly the specific defect or distress over a section of a paved local road. Tables 3.5 and 3.6 show the typical defects or distresses of asphalt concrete pavements (ACP) and Portland Cement Concrete Pavements (PCCP), respectively. These are adopted from the DPWH Guidebook for Road Construction and Maintenance Management. Local roads with the abovementioned pavement materials will likely experience such surface distress. Common repair methods are also listed per type of surface distress for both pavement. The same DPWH guidebook provided illustrations of such typical distresses, which are also shown in Figures 3.15 and 3.16 for ACP and PCCP, respectively. Even if some or most of the local roads are not constructed in DPWH standards, the same nature of pavement distress may occur unto these paved local roads. The characteristics of the paved surface materials exhibit the same properties between national and local roads. Engineering interventions will be based on the nature of the said surface distress.