27 DOMENICHINO (Domenico Zampieri) Italian, 1581­1641 Saint Cecilia Black and white chalk on gray paper, the outlines pricked for transfer 46.7 x 34.2 cm (18 7/16 x I3½ in.) Cat. Ill, no. 15; 92.GB.26 The Christian saint and virgin martyr Cecilia is thought to have lived in the second or third century. When she married the Roman nobleman Valerius, she persuaded him to accept sexual abstinence and to convert to Christianity. She and Valerius were eventually martyred by the Roman governor. She is the patron saint of music, an association that stems from the fact that music was played on her wedding day. The cult of Saint Cecilia was strong in early seventeenth­century Rome following the sensational disinterment of her body from beneath the altar of the Church of Santa Cecilia in Trastevere in 1599, when she was found to be miraculously preserved. The head corresponds to that of Saint Cecilia in the fresco of The Glorification of Saint Cecilia on the vault of the second chapel on the right, the Cappella Polet, in the Church of San Luigi dei Francesi, Rome, which Domenichino decorated in 1612­15. The saint is shown in ecstasy, being carried up to heaven by putti. The pricked outlines and the fact that the sheet is made up of four pieces of paper, with a join going across the center of the face, show that this must be a fragment of a cartoon (see no. 11). There is, however, also a complete cartoon for the same decoration in the Musee du Louvre, Paris, in which the saint's head corresponds more closely to the fresco than does this fragment. The supposition must be that Domenichino was dissatisfied with his first cartoon and decided to make another. 36 ITALIAN SCHOOL