Chapter 7: Local Road Maintenance Management 203 e. Disintegration and Failure. Roads that are not maintained during the initial deterioration stage and repaired when visible deterioration occurs will fail and will need costly reconstruction. Once a road’s foundation disintegrates, surface repairs have an increasingly short life. A sample graph of a service life cycle of a road, as illustrated by the U.S. Department of Transportation, is shown in Figure 7.1. Asset preservation strategies as road maintenance prior to the point of rehabilitation will mean lower cost but at a higher benefit as pavement condition can easily be restored. Whereas, at the point of rehabilitation and reconstruction, the pavement condition that has to be repaired is large necessitating a larger investment for the part of the government. With the tendency of LGUs to underinvestment in local road maintenance, it is naturally logical that the LGUs will need more capital to restore local roads that are in a state of disrepair as exemplified by the said life cycle graph. Figure 7.1 Service Life Cycle of Roads 3. Types of Maintenance Activities 3.1. Routine Maintenance Routine annual road maintenance (as defined in Chapter 4) is carried out to keep the local roads including the road pavement, road shoulders, side drains, cross drains, roadside verges and road safety devices in good condition. Routine road maintenance works may include as